Mosquitoes Control

• Environmental hygiene

• Installation of mosquito light trap and outdoor mosquito killing machine

• Installation of 100% neutral & non-poison mosquito repellent misting device

• Regular treatment including applications of anti-malarial oil, insect growth regulator (i.e. Bti) and, fogging etc

=0% Ovitrap Index

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Common local mosquitoes

Up to the present, we have found 70 kinds of mosquitoes in Hong Kong. The most common kinds are Aedes Albopictus, Anopheles Minimus, Anopheles Jeyporiensis, Culex Pipiens Quinquefasciatus, Aedes Togoi and Culex Tritaeniorhynchus. **(Picture source: Food and Environmental Hygiene Department)

Life Cycle

The life cycles of mosquitoes vary widely from species to species. Some female mosquitoes lay single eggs on water surfaces; others lay single eggs on moist soil where later flooding is likely. Still other species lay batches of eggs, called rafts, 100 or more at a time on water surfaces. Eggs deposited on water surfaces usually hatch within a day or so, but eggs laid on soil surfaces do not hatch until flooding occurs, which may be months or even years later. Larvae, which are nearly invisible to the naked eye, hatch from eggs. Larvae molt three times to become 4th-stage larvae. Several days later, this larval form molts again to become a pupa. Adult mosquitoes emerge from pupae 1 to 2 days after that, with male mosquitoes always emerging first. In summer the entire life cycle, from egg to adult, may be completed in a week or less.

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(Culex mosquito larvae)

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Communicable diseases

Female mosquitoes of nearly all species require blood from vertebrate animals to develop eggs, and many species bite people, pets, and livestock for this purpose. The most important consequence of this is the transmission of microorganisms that cause diseases.

Dengue Fever

Causative agent

Dengue fever is an acute mosquito-borne infection caused by the dengue viruses. This is found in tropical and sub-tropical regions around the world. For instance, dengue fever is an endemic illness in many countries in South East Asia. The dengue viruses encompass four different serotypes, each of which can lead to dengue fever and dengue haemorrhagic fever...click for more details

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Japanese Encephalitis

What is Japanese encephalitis Japanese encephalitis is a mosquito-borne disease caused by the Japanese encephalitis virus. The virus is transmitted by the bite of infected mosquitoes . The principal type of mosquito that transmits the disease is called Culex tritaeniorhynchus. The disease occurs mainly in the rural and agricultural areas of Asia and the Western Pacific Region. It is a rare disease in Hong Kong. There are less than 10 cases reported in the past ten years...click for more details

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Malaria

Causative agent

Malaria is a serious and sometimes fatal disease caused by a group of malaria parasites, namely Plasmodium vivax, Plasmodium falciparum, Plasmodium ovale, and Plasmodium malariae. It is commonly found in many parts of tropical and sub-tropical areas where the climate is warm, like Africa, South-East Asia and South America...click for more details

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(Pesticides Used for Outdoor Mosquito Control by AFCD...click for more details)

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Management

Mosquito control is accomplished by searching out mosquito larvae in standing water and treating the water with a material that kills the larvae. Many materials currently in use are biological in origin and are highly specific for mosquitoes, with little or no effect on other organisms.

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	Fogging: ULV thermal fogging, Cold-mist fogging, ultra-low volume fogging can eliminate large population at once. This option has its limitations in that while it may provide a temporary reduction of the adult population
	IGR: The bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis infects and kills mosquito larvae. It must be consumed by the larvae and acts as a stomach poison, damaging mid-gut cells of mosquito larvae. It is highly selective, killing only mosquitoes and larvae of a few other related flies.
	Mosquito Fish: The mosquito fish, Gambusia affinis, has been used worldwide for mosquito control. These fish are most effectively used in man-made bodies of water that do not connect with natural waters. They can be obtained from most vector control districts.

Around your home

Where mosquito populations become bothersome, can protect themselves from mosquitoes by using a variety of strategies that include maintaining fine mesh screens on windows and doors in good repair; checking for standing water; draining standing water or treating it with the microbial insecticide Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis or mosquito-eating fish; and wearing repellents and protective clothing outdoors during the mosquito season.

Avoid places where mosquito densities are high and to avoid being out-of-doors at times of the day when mosquito activity is at its highest. If you find yourself in a situation where you must be exposed to biting mosquitoes, there are several things you can do. First, minimize the exposed skin surface by wearing a hat or head net, long trousers, and a long-sleeved shirt. Some mosquitoes will bite through lightweight clothing, but the number of bites received is definitely reduced if most areas of the body are covered. When mosquito densities become very high, you may want to install fly traps, or even Automated Misting System to protect you and your family.

Recommendations

Mosquito Sources                         Recommendations

Ponds                                            Stock pond with fish, or use Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis. (Bti) Remove excess vegetation. Swimming pools                            Keep water off cover. Maintain water quality at all times.

Tree holes                                     Fill hole with sand or mortar.

Containers                                     Empty water. Store in an inverted position. Dispose. Cover so mosquitoes cannot lay eggs.

Cooler drains                                 Prevent water from standing.

Street gutter or catch basins        Keep litter and garden debris out of gutter. Do not over water yard.

Cesspool or septic tanks              Seal and cover opening so mosquitoes can't lay eggs.

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** Reference sources: UC IPM Online

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Mosquito Control Products

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Bug Defence™ Automated Misting System (Outdoor )

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The Ultimate Insect Misting System (Made in Canada) - Sole Distributor in PRC HK and Macau

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Product Features

Bug Defence™ Provides an Effective Insect Mist Barrier Along the Perimeter of Protected Areas with Immediate Results.

The Misting System is computer controlled. You can choose either repellent or insecticide to control mosquito population.

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System Package (Specification)

1EA AirStreme™ Controller AMS05-60 Blue 110/220V

1EA Nylon Tubing, 1/4¡¨, Black 500ft

3EA Anti-Drip Nozzle Assembly, 0.012¡¨ 10pk

1EA Fitting, Union Tee,

1/4¡¨ 10pk 1EA Reducer 3/8 * 1/4 (Q/C)

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General Setting Typically set the system to mist for 15 seconds every 15 minutes over the course of 4 or 5 hours each day. 1 hour at dusk, 1 hour at dawn and 2 hours when people are active in the area.

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Package

Including basic installation of AirStreme and Nylon Tubing „«

Full consultation, On course training, Technical support

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Replenishment Service

Monthly Refill Service By using Bug Defence Repellent

The Bug DeFence™ Solution is an all-natural, concentrated formulation of essential oils blended with complementary surfactants, and oil-specific synergists. Its gentle lemon scent provides a long-lasting deterrent to biting insects i.e. Mosquitoes, House/ Stable and Horn Flies, Head Lice, Cockroaches, Gnats, and No-See-Ums.

Our patent pending concentrated formula is diluted with water before misting. It's a colorless, non-staining liquid that is safe to use around outdoor furniture. It contains no alcohol or toxic chemicals, is non-flammable, and biodegradable. A leading university research team has verified that the Bug DeFence Solution offers, "100% protection from feeding mosquitoes immediately after application".

Bug Defence Solution is an EPA Registered Product (Class 25B: Non-regulated Products) for sale in the United States. HK Pesticide Registration no. 2P305(EW)

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Client Reference

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Queen Elizabeth Hospital

The Giverny

Starkeys Australia (Sole Distributor in PRC, HK and Macau)

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DS215 (left-upper side)

Coverage : 200 meter square Dimension¡G 46(W)£A15(D)£A35(H) cm

(attract flies, moths, mosquitoes and other flying pests to the interior of the units where they are electrocuted by the high voltage grids)

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Decore (left-lower side) - No escapes. No chemicals. No noise. No pollution: Fluorescent yellow coloured sticky pads combine with "Blacklight" blue colour emitted by tubes to create irresistible lure for flying insects

Coverage : 30-50 meter square Dimension¡G 50(W)£A25(D)£A12(H) cm

(This is now becoming a requirement from all health authorities in America and Europe. Attract and trap flies and other insects pests such as moths, beetles, mosquitoes, midges, flying aphids and thrip)

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L25 (right-upper side)

Coverage : 400 meter square Dimension¡G 30(W)£A30(D)£A40(H) cm

(attract flies, moths, mosquitoes and other flying pests to the interior of the units where they are electrocuted by the high voltage grids)

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Sticky Paper (right-lower side)

Dimension¡G 430(W)£A250(H) cm

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Product features

• Manufactured with zinc-anneal steel and finished with baked polyester powder coating for rust resistance, Anti-UV and lifetime guarantee.

• Equipped with "HITACHI" Blacklight (UV Light)

• Sticky pad is made from "Anti-UV" material which can last for up to 60 days

MKS ADVANCE - outdoor only, powered by electricity

 Letter of Authorized Distributor

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SkeeterVac SV3000 series- outdoor only, powered by LPG

  Letter of  Authorized Distributor

Don't be bugged by mosquitoes and other blood-seeking insects! The SkeeterVac provides improved outdoor living by attracting, trapping and killing mosquitoes and other blood-seeking insects like no-see-ums, biting midges, black flies, and sand flies. The SkeeterVac SV-3000 series combines the new Flight Guide contrast attractor pattern, CO2 converted from propane, and the power of Octenol BaitBlocks, to effectively attract and trap biting insects like no other mosquito control equipment.  No Electric Cords - Powered by propane!  With technology so futuristic, the complete 2007 SkeeterVac line might seem like science fiction.  But these innovations are quite real.  The SkeeterVac is revolutionizing the entire mosquito control category with unequaled efficacy, ease and value.  

This product will provide the following when used as directed : Attract, trap and kill certain flying biting insects such as mosquitoes, no-see-ums, midges, sand flies and black flies. Reduce the nuisance of certain flying biting insects. Over a 4 to 6 week period reduce the overall mosquito populations by exterminating egg laden female mosquitoes. Your SkeeterVac is designed to be operated 24 hours a day to help reduce the nuisance of mosquitoes.  It attracts female mosquitoes that are seeking a blood meal to nourish their eggs.  By removing these females you also remove their eggs.  Attracting, trapping and killing just one mosquito at the start of the mosquito season can prevent the birth of up to 25,000 more mosquitoes that season alone!

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Blue Rhino Uniflame
	SkeeterVac SV-3000
	• Protects up to 1 Acre (40,000 ft2) • 2 Trap Systems ¡V Sticky trap and 360 Degree Vacuum Trap • 6 Attractants ¡V Visual Flight Guide, Octenol, Heat, Water Vapor, CO2 and LED Light • Adjustable Octenol - Releases Octenol at 5 levels of intensity • Dimensions H39¡¨  W16¡¨  D20¡¨ • Octenol Replacement - 60 Days • Re-useable Net • 27000 Cc/hr output • Silent and Odorless • No Electric Required • Includes 1 Tank Cover • Propane ¡Varound 17 Days • Weighs 28lbs

Technical Specifications for the SkeeterVac SV3000 COVERAGE Up to 1 acre CONSTRUCTION The SkeeterVac is made with a durable plastic shell, steel frame with hard plastic wheels, and a steel-braided gas hose. POWER SOURCE catalytically converts propane to CO 2 using a standard, 20-lb propane tank ADDITIONAL ATTRACTANT Octenol Cartridge MAINTENANCE Replace fuel tank around every 17 days and octenol cartridges every 60 days. Empty net when half full.

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Anti Mosquito Trap (Sole Distributor - HK)
HKSAR Patent No. HK1059183

The Hong Kong Polytechnic University- Test Report

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Projects involved in mosquitoes control

Hong Kong Jockey Club- Provision of mosquitoes control to Shatin Racecourse. In 2003, we are invited to quote the provision of Mosquitoes Control by using Anti-Malarial Oil to Shatin Racecourse. After a set of restrict and careful assessment, we are finally be approved to provide service to different areas.

Service areas include:

•	Stables
•	Tracks
•	Penfold Park

Our success not only lays on our ability to show our professionalism but also:

•	We have long historical background (since 1947) in pest control management
•	Able to provide professional advice
•	Able to prepare treatment plan in accordance with different situations and requirements
•	Choose the most safety approach and chemicals
•	Equip with high technology device